The applicability of automated administrative penalties: legal challenges and regulatory responses
自动行政处罚的适用性：法律挑战与监管应对

摘要

本文对将自动化行政处罚纳入数字治理框架进行了全面分析，强调其在效率和一致性方面带来的显著提升。文章指出，需要建立坚实的法律和伦理基础，以应对这些系统固有的透明度、问责制和数据隐私方面的挑战。本研究批判性地审视了合法性和程序公正性的原则、技术在行政流程中的作用以及算法透明度的重要性。此外，本文还探讨了问责制度、如何解决“黑箱”问题以及数据保护的必要性。本文倡导一种平衡的方法，将效率与法律和伦理考量相协调，并通过公众咨询和透明决策等措施确保公众信任。最后，本文提出了一套全面的监管机制和政策建议，旨在确保负责任且有效地实施自动化处罚。这些建议包括建立法律框架、人员参与和申诉程序，旨在增强公众对这些系统公平性和合法性的信心。

Abstract

The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the integration of automated administrative penalties within the digital governance framework, highlighting the significant improvements in efficiency and consistency they offer. It identifies the necessity for a robust legal and ethical foundation to address the challenges of transparency, accountability, and data privacy inherent in these systems. The study critically examines the principles of legality and procedural fairness, the role of technology in administrative processes, and the importance of algorithmic transparency. Additionally, it discusses the accountability system, tackling the "black box" problem and the need for data protection. The paper advocates for a balanced approach that harmonizes efficiency with legal and ethical considerations, ensuring public trust through measures such as public consultations and transparent decision-making. It concludes with a comprehensive set of regulatory mechanisms and policy recommendations designed to ensure the responsible and effective implementation of automated penalties. These recommendations include the development of a legal framework, human participation, and appeal processes, all aimed at enhancing public confidence in the fairness and legality of these systems.